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The Syria (United Nations Sanctions) (Cultural Property) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020
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Changes to legislation:
The Syria (United Nations Sanctions) (Cultural Property) (EU Exit) Regulations 2020, PART 2 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 29 May 2024. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations.
Changes to Legislation
Revised legislation carried on this site may not be fully up to date. Changes and effects are recorded by our editorial team in lists which can be found in the ‘Changes to Legislation’ area. Where those effects have yet to be applied to the text of the legislation by the editorial team they are also listed alongside the legislation in the affected provisions. Use the ‘more’ link to open the changes and effects relevant to the provision you are viewing.
Changes and effects yet to be applied to the whole Instrument associated Parts and Chapters:
Whole provisions yet to be inserted into this Instrument (including any effects on those provisions):
- reg. 24(3A)-(3C) inserted by S.I. 2024/644 reg. 15(2)
PART 2U.K.Trade
CHAPTER 1U.K.Interpretation
Definition of illegally removed Syrian cultural propertyU.K.
5.—(1) In this Part, “illegally removed Syrian cultural property” means Syrian cultural property or any other item of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific or religious importance illegally removed from any location in Syria on or after 15 March 2011.
(2) For the purposes of paragraph (1), an item is considered to be “illegally removed” if it has been removed from Syria in contravention of the law of any country or territory applicable to the removal which was in force at the time of the removal, including, in particular—
(a)the laws of Syria;
(b)the law of a part of the United Kingdom.
Commencement Information
I1Reg. 5 in force at 31.12.2020 by S.I. 2020/1514, reg. 19
Interpretation of other expressions used in this PartU.K.
6.—(1) Paragraphs 32 to 35 of Schedule 1 to the Act (trade sanctions) apply for the purpose of interpreting expressions in this Part.
(2) In this Part, any reference to the United Kingdom includes a reference to the territorial sea.
(3) In this Part—
“brokering service” means any service to secure, or otherwise in relation to, an arrangement, including (but not limited to)—
(a)
the selection or introduction of persons as parties or potential parties to the arrangement,
(b)
the negotiation of the arrangement,
(c)
the facilitation of anything that enables the arrangement to be entered into, and
(d)
the provision of any assistance that in any way promotes or facilitates the arrangement.
Commencement Information
I2Reg. 6 in force at 31.12.2020 by S.I. 2020/1514, reg. 19
CHAPTER 2U.K.Illegally removed Syrian cultural property
Export and import of illegally removed Syrian cultural propertyU.K.
7.—(1) The export of illegally removed Syrian cultural property is prohibited.
(2) The import of illegally removed Syrian cultural property is prohibited.
(3) Paragraphs (1) and (2) are subject to Part 3 (Exceptions).
Commencement Information
I3Reg. 7 in force at 31.12.2020 by S.I. 2020/1514, reg. 19
Supply and delivery of illegally removed Syrian cultural propertyU.K.
8.—(1) A person must not directly or indirectly supply or deliver illegally removed Syrian cultural property from a third country to any other third country.
(2) Paragraph (1) is subject to Part 3 (Exceptions).
(3) A person who contravenes a prohibition in paragraph (1) commits an offence, but it is a defence for a person charged with that offence to show that the person did not know and had no reasonable cause to suspect that the goods were illegally removed Syrian cultural property.
(4) In this regulation, “third country” means a country that is not the United Kingdom or the Isle of Man.
Commencement Information
I4Reg. 8 in force at 31.12.2020 by S.I. 2020/1514, reg. 19
Making available and acquisition of illegally removed Syrian cultural propertyU.K.
9.—(1) A person must not directly or indirectly—
(a)make available illegally removed Syrian cultural property to another person;
(b)acquire illegally removed Syrian cultural property from another person.
(2) Paragraph (1) is subject to Part 3 (Exceptions).
(3) A person who contravenes a prohibition in paragraph (1) commits an offence, but it is a defence for a person charged with that offence to show that the person did not know and had no reasonable cause to suspect that the goods were illegally removed Syrian cultural property.
Commencement Information
I5Reg. 9 in force at 31.12.2020 by S.I. 2020/1514, reg. 19
Financial services and funds relating to illegally removed Syrian cultural propertyU.K.
10.—(1) A person must not directly or indirectly provide to another person financial services or funds in pursuance of or in connection with an arrangement whose object or effect is—
(a)the export of illegally removed Syrian cultural property,
(b)the import of illegally removed Syrian cultural property,
(c)the direct or indirect supply or delivery of illegally removed Syrian cultural property, or
(d)the direct or indirect making of illegally removed Syrian cultural property available to a person.
(2) Paragraph (1) is subject to Part 3 (Exceptions).
(3) A person who contravenes a prohibition in paragraph (1) commits an offence, but it is a defence for a person charged with that offence to show that the person did not know and had no reasonable cause to suspect that the financial services or funds were provided in pursuance of or in connection with an arrangement mentioned in that paragraph.
Commencement Information
I6Reg. 10 in force at 31.12.2020 by S.I. 2020/1514, reg. 19
Brokering services: non-UK activity relating to illegally removed Syrian cultural propertyU.K.
11.—(1) A person must not directly or indirectly provide brokering services in relation to an arrangement (“arrangement A”) whose object or effect is—
(a)the direct or indirect supply or delivery of illegally removed Syrian cultural property from a third country to any other third country,
(b)the direct or indirect making available of illegally removed Syrian cultural property to a person in a third country, or
(c)the direct or indirect provision, in a non-UK country, of financial services or funds, where arrangement A, or any other arrangement in connection with which arrangement A is entered into, is an arrangement mentioned in regulation 10(1).
(2) Paragraph (1) is subject to Part 3 (Exceptions).
(3) A person who contravenes a prohibition in paragraph (1) commits an offence, but it is a defence for a person charged with that offence to show that the person did not know and had no reasonable cause to suspect that the brokering services were provided in pursuance of or in connection with an arrangement mentioned in that paragraph.
(4) In this regulation—
(a)“non-UK country” means a country that is not the United Kingdom;
(b)“third country” means a country that is not the United Kingdom or the Isle of Man.
Commencement Information
I7Reg. 11 in force at 31.12.2020 by S.I. 2020/1514, reg. 19
Holding or controlling illegally removed Syrian cultural propertyU.K.
12.—(1) A person who holds or controls illegally removed Syrian cultural property must secure its transfer to a constable.
(2) Paragraph (1) is subject to Part 3 (Exceptions).
(3) A person who fails to comply with the requirement in paragraph (1) commits an offence, but it is a defence for a person charged with that offence (“P”) to show that P did not know and had no reasonable cause to suspect that the goods held or controlled by P were illegally removed Syrian cultural property.
Commencement Information
I8Reg. 12 in force at 31.12.2020 by S.I. 2020/1514, reg. 19
CHAPTER 3U.K.Further provision
Circumventing etc. prohibitionsU.K.
13.—(1) A person must not intentionally participate in activities knowing that the object or effect of them is, whether directly or indirectly—
(a)to circumvent any of the prohibitions in Chapter 2 of this Part, or
(b)to enable or facilitate the contravention of any such prohibition.
(2) A person who contravenes a prohibition in paragraph (1) commits an offence.
Commencement Information
I9Reg. 13 in force at 31.12.2020 by S.I. 2020/1514, reg. 19
DefencesU.K.
14.—(1) Paragraph (2) applies where a person relies on a defence under Chapter 2 of this Part.
(2) If evidence is adduced which is sufficient to raise an issue with respect to the defence, the court must assume that the defence is satisfied unless the prosecution proves beyond reasonable doubt that it is not.
Commencement Information
I10Reg. 14 in force at 31.12.2020 by S.I. 2020/1514, reg. 19
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