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Feeding Stuffs Regulations (Northern Ireland) 1995

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PART IVPRINCIPAL PROCESSES USED FOR PREPARATION OF THE INGREDIENTS LISTED PART III

ProcessDescriptionCommon name/term
3

“Decortication” may be replaced by “dehulling” or “dehusking” if appropriate. Therefore the common name/term should be “dehulled” or “dehusked”

1

When appropriate the word “expeller” may be replaced by “cake”

ConcentrationIncrease in certain contents by removing water or other constituents
ConcentrateRemoval of outer layers from grains, seeds, fruits, nuts and othersDecorticated
Decortication3
DryingDehydration by artificial or natural processes in order to preserve the productDried (sun or artificially)
ExtractionRemoval either by organic solvent of fat or oil from certain materials or by aqueous solvent of sugar or other water soluble components. In the case of the use of organic solvent, the resulting product must be technically free of such solvent

Extracted (in case of oil-containing materials)

Molasses, pulp (in case of products containing sugar or other water soluble components)

ExtrusionPressing, pushing or protrusion of material through orifices under pressure. See also PregelatinizationExtruded
FlakingRolling of moist heat-treated materialFlakes
Flour millingPhysical processing of grain to reduce particle size and facilitate separation into constituent fractions (principally flour, bran and middlings)Flour, bran, middlings
Heat treatment/ heatingGeneral term covering a number of heat treatments carried out under specific conditions to influence the nutritional value or the structure of the materialToasted, cooked, puffed, heat-treated
HydrogenationTreatment of oils and fats to achieve a higher melting pointHardened
HydrolysisBreakdown into simpler chemical constituents by appropriate treatment with water and possibly either enzymes or acid/alkaliHydrolysed
PressingRemoval by mechanical pressure (either by a screw or other type of press) and possibly some heat, of fat/oil from oil-rich materials, or of juice from fruits or other vegetable products

Expeller1 in case of oil-containing material(s)

Pulp, pomace (in case of fruits, etc.)

PelletingCompaction into a moulded form of presentationPellet
PregelatinizationModification of starch to improve markedly its swelling properties in cold waterPregelatinized
RefiningRemoval of impurities in sugars, oils and other natural materials by chemical/physical treatmentRefined
Wet-millingMechanical separation of the component parts of kernel/grain after steeping in water, possibly with sulphur dioxide, for the extraction of starchGerm, gluten, starch

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