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Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
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Changes over time for: Section 189
Version Superseded: 28/07/1999
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Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992, Section 189 is up to date with all changes known to be in force on or before 01 June 2024. There are changes that may be brought into force at a future date. Changes that have been made appear in the content and are referenced with annotations.
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189 Complaint F1. . . and protective award.E+W+S
[F2(1)Where an employer has failed to comply with any requirement of section 188, a complaint may be presented to an [F3employment tribunal] on that ground
(a)in the case of a failure relating to employee representatives, by any of the employee representatives to whom the failure related,
(b)in the case of a failure relating to representatives of a trade union, by the trade union, and
(c)in any other case, by any of the employees who have been or may be dismissed as redundant.]
(2)If the tribunal finds the complaint well-founded it shall make a declaration to that effect and may also make a protective award.
(3)A protective award is an award in respect of one or more descriptions of employees—
(a)who have been dismissed as redundant, or whom it is proposed to dismiss as redundant, and
(b)in respect of whose dismissal or proposed dismissal the employer has failed to comply with a requirement of section 188,
ordering the employer to pay remuneration for the protected period.
(4)The protected period—
(a)begins with the date on which the first of the dismissals to which the complaint relates takes effect, or the date of the award, whichever is the earlier, and
(b)is of such length as the tribunal determines to be just and equitable in all the circumstances having regard to the seriousness of the employer’s default in complying with any requirement of section 188;
but shall not exceed 90 days in a case falling within [F4paragraph (a) of subsection (1A) of section 188 or 30 days in a case falling within paragraph (b) of that subsection.]
(5)An [F3employment tribunal] shall not consider a complaint under this section unless it is presented to the tribunal—
(a)before the [F5date on which the last of the dismissals to which the complaint relates] takes effect, or
(b)[F6during] the period of three months beginning with [F7that date], or
(c)where the tribunal is satisfied that it was not reasonably practicable for the complaint to be presented [F8during the] period of three months, within such further period as it considers reasonable.
(6)If on a complaint under this section a question arises—
(a)whether there were special circumstances which rendered it not reasonably practicable for the employer to comply with any requirement of section 188, or
(b)whether he took all such steps towards compliance with that requirement as were reasonably practicable in those circumstances,
it is for the employer to show that there were and that he did.
Textual Amendments
F1Words in sidenote to s. 189 omitted (26.10.1995) by virtue of S.I. 1995/2587, reg. 4(5)
F2S. 189(1) substituted (26.10.1995) by S.I. 1995/2587, reg. 4(2)
F3Words in s. 189 substituted (1.8.1998) by 1998 c. 8, s. 1(2)(a) (with s. 16(2)); S.I. 1998/1658, art. 2(1), Sch. 1
F4Words in s. 189(4) substituted (26.10.1995) by S.I. 1995/2587, reg. 4(3)
F5Words in s. 189(5)(a) substituted (26.10.1995) by S.I. 1995/2587, reg. 4(4)(a)
F6Word in s. 189(5)(b) substituted (26.10.1995) by S.I. 1995/2587, reg. 4(4)(b)(i)
F7Words in s. 189(5)(b) substituted (26.10.1995) by S.I. 1995/2587, reg. 4(4)(b)(ii)
F8Words in s. 189(5)(c) substituted (26.10.1995) by S.I. 1995/2587, reg. 4(4)(c)
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