Environment Act 1995

The Environmental Protection Act 1990E+W+S

45[F1(1)Section 1 of the M1Environmental Protection Act 1990 (interpretation of Part I) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (7) (definition of “enforcing authority” in relation to England and Wales), for the words “the chief inspector or the local authority by whom” there shall be substituted the words “ the Environment Agency or the local authority by which ”.

(3)For subsection (8) (definition of “enforcing authority” in relation to Scotland) there shall be substituted—

“(8)In relation to Scotland, references to the “enforcing authority” and a “local enforcing authority” are references to the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (in this Part referred to as “SEPA”).”

(4)After subsection (13) there shall be added—

“(14)In this Part “the appropriate Agency” means—

(a)in relation to England and Wales, the Environment Agency; and

(b)in relation to Scotland, SEPA.”]

46[F1(1)Section 4 of that Act (determination of authority by whom functions are exercisable) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (2) (functions of the chief inspector etc in relation to prescribed processes designated for central control) for the words “the chief inspector appointed for England and Wales by the Secretary of State under section 16 below and, in relation to Scotland, of the chief inspector so appointed for Scotland or of the river purification authority, as determined under regulations made under section 5(1) below” there shall be substituted the words “ the appropriate Agency ”.

(3)In subsection (3) (discharge of functions designated for local control) for paragraphs (a) and (b) there shall be substituted—

“(a)in the case of a prescribed process carried on (or to be carried on) by means of a mobile plant, where the person carrying on the process has his principal place of business—

(i)in England and Wales, the local authority in whose area that place of business is;

(ii)in Scotland, SEPA;

(b)in any other cases, where the prescribed processes are (or are to be) carried on—

(i)in England and Wales, the local authority in whose area they are (or are to be) carried on;

(ii)in Scotland, SEPA;”.

(4)In subsection (4) (directions transferring functions to the chief inspector) for the words “the chief inspector” there shall be substituted the words “ the Environment Agency ”.

(5)After that subsection there shall be inserted—

“(4A)In England and Wales, a local authority, in exercising the functions conferred or imposed on it under this Part by virtue of subsection (3) above, shall have regard to the strategy for the time being published pursuant to section 80 of the Environment Act 1995.”

(6)In subsection (5) (effect of such a transfer)—

(a)for the words “the chief inspector” there shall be substituted the words “ the Environment Agency ”; and

(b)for the word “him” there shall be substituted the words “ that Agency ”.

(7)In subsection (8) (giving or withdrawal of directions)—

(a)for the words “the chief inspector” in each place where they occur there shall be substituted the words “ the Environment Agency ”; and

(b)the words “or, as the case may be, in the Edinburgh Gazette”, in each place where they occur, shall be omitted.

(8)After subsection (8) there shall be inserted—

“(8A)The requirements of sub-paragraph (ii) of paragraph (a) or, as the case may be, of paragraph (b) of subsection (8) above shall not apply in any case where, in the opinion of the Secretary of State, the publication of notice in accordance with that sub-paragraph would be contrary to the interests of national security.

(8B)Subsections (4) to (8A) above shall not apply to Scotland.”

(9)For subsection (9) (which, among other things, imposed a duty on the chief inspector etc to follow developments in technology etc and which is partly superseded by this Act) there shall be substituted—

“(9)It shall be the duty of local authorities to follow such developments in technology and techniques for preventing or reducing pollution of the environment due to releases of substances from prescribed processes as concern releases into the air of substances from prescribed processes designated for local control.”

(10)In subsection (10) (duty of chief inspector etc to give effect to directions) for the words “the chief inspector, river purification authorities” there shall be substituted the words “ the Environment Agency, SEPA ”.

(11)In subsection (11) (meaning of “local authority”)—

(a)at the beginning of paragraph (b) there shall be inserted the words “ in England and Wales, ” and

(b)paragraph (c) and the word “and” immediately preceding it shall cease to have effect.]

47E+W+S[F1Section 5 of that Act (further provision for Scotland as to discharge and scope of functions) shall cease to have effect.]

48E+W+S[F1In section 6 of that Act, in subsection (2) (fee payable on application for authorisation) after the words “shall be accompanied by” there shall be inserted—

“(a)in a case where, by virtue of section 41 of the Environment Act 1995, a charge prescribed by a charging scheme under that section is required to be paid to the appropriate Agency in respect of the application, the charge so prescribed; or

(b)in any other case,”.]

49[F1(1)In section 7 of that Act (conditions of authorisations) in subsection (9) the words from “and, in relation to Scotland,” to the end of the subsection shall be omitted.E+W+S

(2)At the end of subsection (12) of that section (definition of “relevant enactments” for the purposes of subsection (2)) there shall be added “; and

(g)section 87 of the Environment Act 1995.”.]

50[F1(1)Section 8 of that Act (fees and charges for authorisations) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (1) (payments to be charged by, or paid to, the enforcing authority in accordance with schemes), for the words “enforcing authority” there shall be substituted the words “ local enforcing authority ”.

(3)Subsection (4) (separate schemes for different descriptions of enforcing authority) shall cease to have effect.

(4)In subsection (7) (meaning of “relevant expenditure attributable to authorisations”)—

(a)for the words “enforcing authorities” there shall be substituted the words “ local enforcing authorities ”; and

(b)the words from “together with the expenditure incurred by the National Rivers Authority” onwards shall be omitted.

(5)In subsection (8) (power to revoke authorisation for non-payment of charge), for the words “enforcing authority” there shall be substituted the words “ local enforcing authority ”.

(6)Subsection (9) (payments by the Secretary of State to the National Rivers Authority) shall cease to have effect.

(7)For subsections (10) and (11) (special provision as respects Scotland) there shall be substituted—

“(10)The foregoing provisions of this section shall not apply to Scotland.”]

51[F1(1)Section 10 of that Act (variation of authorisations by enforcing authority) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (3) (which provides for the variation specified in a variation notice to take effect on the date so specified unless the notice is withdrawn) after the words “unless the notice is withdrawn” there shall be inserted the words “ or is varied under subsection (3A) below ”.

(3)After that subsection there shall be inserted—

“(3A)An enforcing authority which has served a variation notice may vary that notice by serving on the holder of the authorisation in question a further notice—

(a)specifying the variations which the enforcing authority has decided to make to the variation notice; and

(b)specifying the date or dates on which the variations specified in the variation notice, as varied by the further notice, are to take effect;

and any reference in this Part to a variation notice, or to a variation notice served under subsection (2) above, includes a reference to such a notice as varied by a further notice served under this subsection.”

(4)In subsection (4) of that section, for paragraph (b) (requirement to pay the fee prescribed under section 8 of that Act) there shall be substituted—

“(b)require the holder to pay, within such period as may be specified in the notice,—

(i)in a case where the enforcing authority is the Environment Agency or SEPA, the charge (if any) prescribed for the purpose by a charging scheme under section 41 of the Environment Act 1995; or

(ii)in any other case, the fee (if any) prescribed by a scheme under section 8 above.”

(5)In subsection (8) of that section, in the definition of “vary”, after the word “ “vary”” there shall be inserted “ (a) ” and after the words “any of them;” there shall be added the words “and

(b)in relation to a variation notice, means adding to, or varying or rescinding the notice or any of its contents;”.]

52E+W+S[F1In section 11 of that Act (application by holders of authorisations for variation of conditions etc) for subsection (9) (fees) there shall be substituted—

“(9)Any application to the enforcing authority under this section shall be accompanied—

(a)in a case where the enforcing authority is the Environment Agency or SEPA, by the charge (if any) prescribed for the purpose by a charging scheme under section 41 of the Environment Act 1995; or

(b)in any other case, by the fee (if any) prescribed by a scheme under section 8 above.”]

53E+W+S[F1At the end of section 13 of that Act (enforcement notices) there shall be added—

“(4)The enforcing authority may, as respects any enforcement notice it has issued to any person, by notice in writing served on that person, withdraw the notice.”]

54[F1(1)Section 15 of that Act (appeals against certain authorisations and notices) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (2) (appeals against variation notices, enforcement notices or prohibition notices to the Secretary of State) after the words “to the Secretary of State” there shall be added the words “ (except where the notice implements a direction of his). ”

(3)For subsection (3) (reference of matters involved in appeals under that section to, and determination of such appeals by, persons appointed by the Secretary of State) there shall be substituted—

“(3)This section is subject to section 114 of the Environment Act 1995 (delegation or reference of appeals etc).”

(4)For subsection (5) (hearings) there shall be substituted—

“(5)Before determining an appeal under this section, the Secretary of State may, if he thinks fit—

(a)cause the appeal to take or continue in the form of a hearing (which may, if the person hearing the appeal so decides, be held, or held to any extent, in private); or

(b)cause a local inquiry to be held;

and the Secretary of State shall act as mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) above if a request is made by either party to the appeal to be heard with respect to the appeal.”

(5)In subsection (10) (regulations about appeals) after paragraph (b) there shall be added— “ and any such regulations may make different provision for different cases or different circumstances. ”]

55E+W+S[F1Sections 16 to 18 of that Act (appointment of inspectors, powers of inspectors and others and power to deal with cause of imminent danger of serious harm) shall cease to have effect.]

56E+W+S[F1In section 19 of that Act (obtaining of information from persons and authorities) in subsection (2) (power of specified authorities by notice in writing to require provision of information)—

(a)for paragraphs (c) and (d) (the chief inspector and river purification authorities) there shall be substituted—

“(c)the Environment Agency, and

(d)SEPA,”; and

(b)after the words “service of the notice” there shall be inserted the words “ , or at such time, ”.]

57[F1(1)Section 20 of that Act (public registers of information) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (2) (local registers also to contain prescribed particulars of relevance to the area which are contained in central registers) after the word “authority”, where it first occurs, there shall be inserted the words “ in England and Wales ” and for the words “the chief inspector or river purification authority”, in each place where they occur, there shall be substituted the words “ the Environment Agency ”.

(3)Subsection (3) (registers in Scotland) shall cease to have effect.

(4)In subsection (4) (port health authorities) after the word “authority” where it first occurs there shall be inserted the words “ in England and Wales ” and for the words “the chief inspector” there shall be substituted the words “ the Environment Agency ”.

(5)In subsection (7) (registers to be available for inspection by, and facilities for obtaining copies of entries to be afforded to, the public) after paragraph (b) there shall be added the words— “ and, for the purposes of this subsection, places may be prescribed by the Secretary of State at which any such registers or facilities as are mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b) above are to be available or afforded to the public in pursuance of the paragraph in question. ”

(6)Subsection (9) (duty to furnish the National Rivers Authority with information for purposes of its register) shall cease to have effect.]

58[F1(1)Section 22 of that Act (exclusion from registers of certain confidential information) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (5) (information not to be entered on the register until expiration of certain time limits)—

(a)in paragraph (a), for the words “on the register” there shall be substituted the words “ in the register ”; and

(b)in the words following paragraph (b), for the words from “on the register” onwards there shall be substituted the words “ in the register until the end of the period of seven days following the day on which the appeal is finally determined or withdrawn ”.

(3)For subsection (6) (which applies subsections (3), (5) and (10) of section 15 in relation to appeals to the Secretary of State against decisions that information is not commercially confidential) there shall be substituted—

“(6)Subsections (5) and (10) of section 15 above shall apply in relation to an appeal under subsection (5) above as they apply in relation to an appeal under that section, but—

(a)subsection (5) of that section shall have effect for the purposes of this subsection with the substitution for the words from “(which may” onwards of the words “(which must be held in private)”; and

(b)subsection (5) above is subject to section 114 of the Environment Act 1995 (delegation or reference of appeals etc).”]

59[F1(1)Section 23 of that Act (offences) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (1) (offences) paragraphs (d) to (f) and (k) shall cease to have effect.

(3)In subsection (2)(a) (which provides for a fine not exceeding £20,000 on summary conviction of any offence under section 23(1)(a), (c) or (l)) after the words “£20,000” there shall be inserted the words “ or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding three months, or to both ”.

(4)Subsection (4) (punishment for offences under paragraph (d), (e), (f) or (k) of subsection (1)) shall cease to have effect.

(5)Subsection (5) (right of inspector to prosecute before a magistrates’ court if authorised to do so by the Secretary of State) shall cease to have effect.]

60[F1(1)In section 27 of that Act (power of chief inspector etc to remedy harm) in subsection (1), for the words “the chief inspector or, in Scotland, a river purification authority” there shall be substituted the words “ the appropriate Agency ”.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (2) of that section (powers not to be exercised without the Secretary of State’s written approval) for the words from “The chief inspector” to “their” there shall be substituted the words “ The Environment Agency or SEPA, as the case may be, shall not exercise its ”.]

61[F1(1)In section 28 of that Act, in subsection (1) (which includes provision that the enforcing authority shall notify the waste regulation authority if a process involves final disposal of controlled waste by deposit in or on land) the words from “but the enforcing authority shall notify” onwards shall cease to have effect.E+W+S

(2)Subsections (3) and (4) of that section (which involve liaison between the enforcing authority and the National Rivers Authority) shall cease to have effect.]

62(1)Section 30 of that Act (authorities for purposes of Part II) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)For subsection (1) (waste regulation authorities) there shall be substituted—

“(1)Any reference in this Part to a waste regulation authority—

(a)in relation to England and Wales, is a reference to the Environment Agency; and

(b)in relation to Scotland, is a reference to the Scottish Environment Protection Agency;

and any reference in this Part to the area of a waste regulation authority shall accordingly be taken as a reference to the area over which the Environment Agency or the Scottish Environment Protection Agency, as the case may be, exercises its functions or, in the case of any particular function, the function in question.”

(3)In subsection (4) of that section (construction of references to authorities constituted as particular descriptions of authority and provision for the section to be subject to orders under section 10 of the M2Local Government Act 1985 establishing authorities for certain purposes)—

(a)the words “or regulation”, and

(b)the words from “establishing authorities” onwards,

shall cease to have effect.

(4)Subsections (6) (definition of “river purification authority”), (7) and (8) (which relate to authorities which are both waste disposal and waste regulation authorities) shall cease to have effect.

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64E+W+SIn section 33 of that Act (prohibition on unauthorised or harmful deposit, treatment or disposal etc of waste) in subsection (7) (defences) for paragraph (c) there shall be substituted—

“(c)that the acts alleged to constitute the contravention were done in an emergency in order to avoid danger to human health in a case where—

(i)he took all such steps as were reasonably practicable in the circumstances for minimising pollution of the environment and harm to human health; and

(ii)particulars of the acts were furnished to the waste regulation authority as soon as reasonably practicable after they were done.”

65E+W+SIn section 34 of that Act (duty of care etc as respects waste), after subsection (3) (which specifies the persons who are authorised persons for the purposes of subsection (1)(c)) there shall be inserted—

“(3A)The Secretary of State may by regulations amend subsection (3) above so as to add, whether generally or in such circumstances as may be prescribed in the regulations, any person specified in the regulations, or any description of person so specified, to the persons who are authorised persons for the purposes of subsection (1)(c) above.”

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79E+W+SSection 61 of that Act (duty of waste regulation authorities as respects closed landfills) shall cease to have effect.

80(1)Section 62 of that Act (special provision with respect to certain dangerous and intractable waste) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (3), for paragraph (a) (regulations providing for the supervision of certain activities and the recovery of the costs from persons carrying on the activities) there shall be substituted—

“(a)for the supervision by waste regulation authorities—

(i)of activities authorised by virtue of the regulations or of activities by virtue of carrying on which persons are subject to provisions of the regulations, or

(ii)of persons who carry on activities authorised by virtue of the regulations or who are subject to provisions of the regulations,

and for the recovery from persons falling within sub-paragraph (ii) above of the costs incurred by waste regulation authorities in performing functions conferred upon those authorities by the regulations;”.

(3)After that subsection (which also includes provision for regulations to provide for appeals to the Secretary of State) there shall be added—

“(3A)This section is subject to section 114 of the Environment Act 1995 (delegation or reference of appeals etc).”

81E+W+SIn section 63 of that Act (waste other than controlled waste) for subsection (2) (offences relating to the deposit of waste which is not controlled waste but which, if it were such waste, would be special waste) there shall be substituted—

“(2)A person who deposits, or knowingly causes or knowingly permits the deposit of, any waste—

(a)which is not controlled waste, but

(b)which, if it were controlled waste, would be special waste,

in a case where he would be guilty of an offence under section 33 above if the waste were special waste and any waste management licence were not in force, shall, subject to subsection (3) below, be guilty of that offence and punishable as if the waste were special waste.”

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86(1)In section 71 of that Act (obtaining of information from persons and authorities) subsection (1) (which is superseded by this Act) shall cease to have effect.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (2) of that section (power by notice to require a person to furnish information within such period as may be specified in the notice) after the words “service of the notice” there shall be inserted the words “ , or at such time, ”.

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88(1)Section 75 of that Act (meaning of “waste” etc.) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)For subsection (2) (definition of “waste”) there shall be substituted—

“(2)“Waste” means any substance or object in the categories set out in Schedule 2B to this Act which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard; and for the purposes of this definition—

• “holder” means the producer of the waste or the person who is in possession of it; and

• “producer” means any person whose activities produce waste or any person who carries out pre-processing, mixing or other operations resulting in a change in the nature or composition of this waste.”

(3)Subsection (3) (presumption that anything discarded is waste unless the contrary is proved) shall cease to have effect.

(4)After subsection (9) there shall be added—

“(10)Schedule 2B to this Act (which reproduces Annex I to the Waste Directive) shall have effect.

(11)Subsection (2) above is substituted, and Schedule 2B to this Act is inserted, for the purpose of assigning to “waste” in this Part the meaning which it has in the Waste Directive by virtue of paragraphs (a) to (c) of Article 1 of, and Annex I to, that Directive, and those provisions shall be construed accordingly.

(12)In this section “the Waste Directive” means the M3directive of the Council of the European Communities, dated 15th July 1975, on waste, as amended by—

(a)the M4directive of that Council, dated 18th March 1991, amending directive 75/442/EEC on waste; and

(b)the M5directiveof that Council, dated 23rd December 1991, standardising and rationalising reports on the implementation of certain Directives relating to the environment.”

89(1)Section 79 of that Act (statutory nuisances) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)In subsection (1) (the paragraphs of which specify, subject to subsections (2) to (6A), the matters which constitute statutory nuisances) for the words “Subject to subsections (2) to (6A) below” there shall be substituted the words “ Subject to subsections (1A) to (6A) below ”.

(3)After that subsection there shall be inserted—

“(1A)No matter shall constitute a statutory nuisance to the extent that it consists of, or is caused by, any land being in a contaminated state.

(1B)Land is in a “contaminated state” for the purposes of subsection (1A) above if, and only if, it is in such a condition, by reason of substances in, on or under the land, that—

(a)harm is being caused or there is a possibility of harm being caused; or

(b)pollution of controlled waters is being, or is likely to be, caused;

and in this subsection “harm”, “pollution of controlled waters” and “substance” have the same meaning as in Part IIA of this Act.”.

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91E+W+SSection 143 of that Act (public registers of land which may be contaminated) shall cease to have effect.

92E+W+SIn section 161 of that Act (regulations and orders) in subsection (4) (which specifies the orders under that Act which are not subject to negative resolution procedure under subsection (3)) after the words “does not apply to” there shall be inserted the words “a statutory instrument—

(a)which contains an order under section 78M(4) above, or

(b)by reason only that it contains”.

93[F14(1)Schedule 1 to that Act (authorisations for processes: supplementary provisions) shall be amended in accordance with the following provisions of this paragraph.E+W+S

(2)In Part I (grant of authorisations) in paragraph 3(3) (local inquiry or hearing to be held where request to be heard made by the applicant or the local enforcing authority) for the words “the local enforcing authority” there shall be substituted the words “ the enforcing authority ”.

(3)In Part II (variation of authorisations) in paragraph 6, at the beginning of sub-paragraph (1) there shall be inserted the words “ Except as provided by sub-paragraph (1A) below, ”.

(4)After that sub-paragraph there shall be inserted—

“(1A)The requirements of this paragraph shall not apply in relation to any variations of an authorisation which an enforcing authority has decided to make in consequence of representations made in accordance with this paragraph and which are specified by way of variation of a variation notice by a further notice under section 10(3A) of this Act.”

(5)After paragraph 7 (applications for variation) there shall be inserted—

“ Call in of applications for variationE+W+S

8(1)The Secretary of State may give directions to the enforcing authority requiring that any particular application or any class of applications for the variation of an authorisation shall be transmitted to him for determination pending a further direction under sub-paragraph (5) below.

(2)The enforcing authority shall inform the applicant of the fact that his application is being transmitted to the Secretary of State.

(3)Where an application for the variation of an authorisation is referred to him under sub-paragraph (1) above the Secretary of State may—

(a)cause a local inquiry to be held in relation to the application; or

(b)afford the applicant and the authority concerned an opportunity of appearing before and being heard by a person appointed by the Secretary of State;

and he shall exercise one of the powers under this sub-paragraph in any case where, in the manner prescribed by regulations made by the Secretary of State, a request is made to be heard with respect to the application by the applicant or the enforcing authority concerned.

(4)Subsections (2) to (5) of section 250 of the M6Local Government Act 1972 (supplementary provisions about local inquiries under that section) or, in relation to Scotland, subsections (2) to (8) of section 210 of the M7Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (which make similar provision) shall, without prejudice to the generality of subsection (1) of either of those sections, apply to local inquiries or other hearings in pursuance of sub-paragraph (3) above as they apply to inquiries in pursuance of either of those sections and, in relation to England and Wales, as if the reference to a local authority in subsection (4) of the said section 250 included a reference to the enforcing authority.

(5)The Secretary of State shall, on determining any application transferred to him under this paragraph, give to the enforcing authority such a direction as he thinks fit as to whether it is to grant the application and, if so, as to the conditions that are to be attached to the authorisation by means of the variation notice.

9The Secretary of State may give the enforcing authority a direction with respect to any particular application or any class of applications for the variation of an authorisation requiring the authority not to determine or not to proceed with the application or applications of that class until the expiry of any such period as may be specified in the direction, or until directed by the Secretary of State that they may do so, as the case may be.

10(1)Except in a case where an application for the variation of an authorisation has been referred to the Secretary of State under paragraph 8 above and subject to sub-paragraph (3) below, the enforcing authority shall determine an application for the variation of an authorisation within the period of four months beginning with the day on which it received the application or within such longer period as may be agreed with the applicant.

(2)If the enforcing authority fails to determine an application for the variation of an authorisation within the period allowed by or under this paragraph the application shall, if the applicant notifies the authority in writing that he treats the failure as such, be deemed to have been refused at the end of that period.

(3)The Secretary of State may, by order, substitute for the period for the time being specified in sub-paragraph (1) above such other period as he considers appropriate and different periods may be substituted for different classes of application.”]

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95E+W+SAfter Schedule 2A to that Act there shall be inserted—

“SCHEDULE 2BE+W+S Categories of waste

1Production or consumption residues not otherwise specified below.

2Off-specification products.

3Products whose date for appropriate use has expired.

4Materials spilled, lost or having undergone other mishap, including any materials, equipment, etc, contaminated as a result of the mishap.

5Materials contaminated or soiled as a result of planned actions (e.g. residues from cleaning operations, packing materials, containers, etc.).

6Unusable parts (e.g. reject batteries, exhausted catalysts, etc.).

7Substances which no longer perform satisfactorily (e.g. contaminated acids, contaminated solvents, exhausted tempering salts, etc.).

8Residues of industrial processes (e.g. slags, still bottoms, etc.).

9Residues from pollution abatement processes (e.g. scrubber sludges, baghouse dusts, spent filters, etc.).

10Machining or finishing residues (e.g. lathe turnings, mill scales, etc.).

11Residues from raw materials extraction and processing (e.g. mining residues, oil field slops, etc.).

12Adulterated materials (e.g. oils contaminated with PCBs, etc.).

13Any materials, substances or products whose use has been banned by law.

14Products for which the holder has no further use (e.g. agricultural, household, office, commercial and shop discards, etc.).

15Contaminated materials, substances or products resulting from remedial action with respect to land.

16Any materials, substances or products which are not contained in the above categories.”