Disability Discrimination Act 1995

Valid from 30/06/2005

[F1Private clubs etc.U.K.

21GMeaning of “discrimination”U.K.

(1)For the purposes of section 21F, an association discriminates against a disabled person if—

(a)for a reason which relates to the disabled person’s disability, the association treats him less favourably than it treats or would treat others to whom that reason does not or would not apply; and

(b)it cannot show that the treatment in question is justified.

(2)For the purposes of subsection (1), treatment is justified only if—

(a)in the opinion of the association, one or more of the conditions mentioned in subsection (3) are satisfied; and

(b)it is reasonable, in all the circumstances, for it to hold that opinion.

(3)The conditions are that—

(a)the treatment is necessary in order not to endanger the health or safety of any person (which may include that of the disabled person);

(b)the disabled person is incapable of entering into an enforceable agreement, or giving an informed consent, and for that reason the treatment is reasonable in that case;

(c)in a case falling within section 21F(2)(a), (3)(a), (c)(ii), (d)(ii) or (e), (4)(a) or (c) or (5)(a), the treatment is necessary in order for the association to be able to afford members, associates or guests of the association, or the disabled person, access to a benefit, facility or service;

(d)in a case falling within section 21F(2)(b), (3)(b), (c)(i) or (d)(i), (4)(b) or (5)(b) or (c), the treatment is necessary because the association would otherwise be unable to afford members, associates or guests of the association access to a benefit, facility or service;

(e)in a case falling within section 21F(2)(a), the difference between—

(i)the terms on which membership is offered to the disabled person, and

(ii)those on which it is offered to other persons,

reflects the greater cost to the association of affording the disabled person access to a benefit, facility or service;

(f)in a case falling within section 21F(3)(a), (c)(ii) or (d)(ii) or (4)(a), the difference between—

(i)the association’s treatment of the disabled person, and

(ii)its treatment of other members or (as the case may be) other associates or other guests of the association,

reflects the greater cost to the association of affording the disabled person access to a benefit, facility or service;

(g)in a case falling within section 21F(5)(a), the difference between—

(i)the terms on which the disabled person is invited, or permitted to be invited, to be a guest of the association, and

(ii)those on which other persons are invited, or permitted to be invited, to be guests of the association,

reflects the greater cost to the association of affording the disabled person access to a benefit, facility or service.

(4)Any increase in the cost of affording a disabled person access to a benefit, facility or service which results from compliance with a duty under section 21H shall be disregarded for the purposes of subsection (3)(e), (f) and (g).

(5)Regulations may—

(a)make provision, for purposes of this section, as to circumstances in which it is, or as to circumstances in which it is not, reasonable for an association to hold the opinion mentioned in subsection (2)(a);

(b)amend or omit a condition specified in subsection (3) or make provision for it not to apply in prescribed circumstances;

(c)make provision as to circumstances (other than any for the time being mentioned in subsection (3)) in which treatment is to be taken to be justified for the purposes of subsection (1).

(6)For the purposes of section 21F, an association also discriminates against a disabled person if—

(a)it fails to comply with a duty under section 21H imposed on it in relation to the disabled person; and

(b)it cannot show that its failure to comply with that duty is justified.

(7)Regulations may make provision as to circumstances in which failure to comply with a duty under section 21H is to be taken to be justified for the purposes of subsection (6).

21HDuty to make adjustmentsU.K.

(1)Regulations may make provision imposing on an association to which section 21F applies—

(a)a duty to take steps for a purpose relating to a policy, practice or procedure of the association, or a physical feature, which adversely affects disabled persons who—

(i)are, or might wish to become, members or associates of the association, or

(ii)are, or are likely to become, guests of the association;

(b)a duty to take steps for the purpose of making an auxiliary aid or service available to any such disabled persons.

(2)Regulations under subsection (1) may (in particular)—

(a)make provision as to the cases in which a duty is imposed;

(b)make provision as to the steps which a duty requires to be taken;

(c)make provision as to the purpose for which a duty requires steps to be taken.

(3)Any duty imposed under this section is imposed only for the purpose of determining whether an association has, for the purposes of section 21F, discriminated against a disabled person; and accordingly a breach of any such duty is not actionable as such.