Finance Act 2003

Section 120

[F1SCHEDULE 17AU.K.Further provisions relating to leases

Meaning of “lease”U.K.

1In the application of this Part to England and Wales or Northern Ireland “lease” means—

(a)an interest or right in or over land for a term of years (whether fixed or periodic), or

(b)a tenancy at will or other interest or right in or over land terminable by notice at any time.

Leases for a fixed termU.K.

2In the application of the provisions of this Part to a lease for a fixed term, no account shall be taken of—

(a)any contingency as a result of which the lease may determine before the end of the fixed term, or

(b)any right of either party to determine the lease or renew it.

Leases that continue after a fixed termU.K.

3(1)This paragraph applies to—

(a)a lease for a fixed term and thereafter until determined, or

(b)a lease for a fixed term that may continue beyond the fixed term by operation of law.

(2)For the purposes of this Part (except [F2sections 77 and 77A] (notifiable transactions)), a lease to which this paragraph applies is treated—

(a)in the first instance as if it were a lease for the original fixed term and no longer,

(b)if the lease continues after the end of that term, as if it were a lease for a fixed term one year longer than the original fixed term,

(c)if the lease continues after the end of the term resulting from the application of paragraph (b), as if it were a lease for a fixed term two years longer than the original fixed term,

and so on.

(3)Where the effect of sub-paragraph (2) in relation to the continuation of the lease after the end of a fixed term is that additional tax is payable in respect of a transaction or that tax is payable in respect of a transaction where none was payable before—

(a)the purchaser must deliver a return or further return in respect of that transaction before the end of the period of 30 days after the end of that term,

(b)the return must include a self-assessment of the amount of tax chargeable in respect of the transaction on the basis of the information contained in the return,

(c)the tax so chargeable is to be calculated by reference to the rates in force at the effective date of the transaction, and

[F3(d)the tax or additional tax payable must be paid not later than the filing date for the return.]

(4)The provisions of Schedule 10 (returns, enquiries, assessments and other matters) apply to a return under this paragraph as they apply to a return under section 76 (general requirement to deliver land transaction return), with the adaptation that references to the effective date of the transaction shall be read as references to the day on which the lease becomes treated as being for a longer fixed term.

(5)For the purposes of [F4sections 77 and 77A] (notifiable transactions) a lease to which this paragraph applies is a lease for whatever is its fixed term.

Treatment of leases for indefinite termU.K.

4(1)For the purposes of this Part (except [F5sections 77 and 77A] (notifiable transactions))—

(a)a lease for an indefinite term is treated in the first instance as if it were a lease for a fixed term of a year,

(b)if the lease continues after the end of the term resulting from the application of paragraph (a), it is treated as if it were a lease for a fixed term of two years,

(c)if the lease continues after the end of the term resulting from the application of paragraph (b), it is treated as if it were a lease for a fixed term of three years,

and so on.

(2)No account shall be taken for the purposes of this Part of any other statutory provision in England and Wales or Northern Ireland deeming a lease for an indefinite period to be a lease for a different term.

(3)Where the effect of sub-paragraph (1) in relation to the continuation of the lease after the end of a deemed fixed term is that additional tax is payable in respect of a transaction or that tax is payable in respect of a transaction where none was payable before—

(a)the purchaser must deliver a return or further return in respect of that transaction before the end of the period of 30 days after the end of that term,

(b)the return must include a self-assessment of the amount of tax chargeable in respect of the transaction on the basis of the information contained in the return,

(c)the tax so chargeable is to be calculated by reference to the rates in force at the effective date of the transaction, and

[F6(d)the tax or additional tax payable must be paid not later than the filing date for the return.]

(4)The provisions of Schedule 10 (returns, enquiries, assessments and other matters) apply to a return under this paragraph as they apply to a return under section 76 (general requirement to deliver land transaction return), with the adaptation that references to the effective date of the transaction shall be read as references to the day on which the lease becomes treated as being for a longer fixed term.

(4A)For the purposes of [F7sections 77 and 77A] (notifiable transactions) a lease for an indefinite term is a lease for a term of less then seven years.

(5)References in this paragraph to a lease for an indefinite period include—

(a)a periodic tenancy or other interest or right terminable by a period of notice,

(b)a tenancy at will in England and Wales or Northern Ireland, or

(c)any other interest or right terminable by notice at any time.

Treatment of successive linked leasesU.K.

5(1)This paragraph applies where—

(a)successive leases are granted or treated as granted (whether at the same time or at different times) of the same or substantially the same premises, and

(b)those grants are linked transactions.

(2)This Part applies as if the series of leases were a single lease—

(a)granted at the time of the grant of the first lease in the series,

(b)for a term equal to the aggregate of the terms of all the leases, and

(c)in consideration of the rent payable under all of the leases.

(3)The grant of later leases in the series is accordingly disregarded for the purposes of this Part except section 81A (return or further return in consequence of later linked transaction).

RentU.K.

6(1)For the purposes of this Part a single sum expressed to be payable in respect of rent, or expressed to be payable in respect of rent and other matters but not apportioned, shall be treated as entirely rent.

(2)Sub-paragraph (1) is without prejudice to the application of paragraph 4 of Schedule 4 (chargeable consideration: just and reasonable apportionment) where separate sums are expressed to be payable in respect of rent and other matters.

Variable or uncertain rentU.K.

7(1)This paragraph applies to determine the amount of rent payable under a lease where that amount—

(a)varies in accordance with provision in the lease, or

(b)is contingent, uncertain or unascertained.

(2)As regards rent payable in respect of any period before the end of the fifth year of the term of the lease—

(a)the provisions of this Part apply as in relation to other chargeable consideration, and

(b)the provisions of section 51 (1) and (2) accordingly apply if the amount is contingent, uncertain or unascertained.

(3)As regards rent payable in respect of any period after the end of the fifth year of the term of the lease, the annual amount is assumed for the purposes of this Part to be, in every case, equal to the highest amount of rent payable in respect of any consecutive twelve month period in the first five years of the term.

In determining that amount take into account (if necessary) any amounts determined as mentioned in sub-paragraph (2)(b), but disregard [F8paragraphs 9(2) and 9A(3) (deemed reduction of rent, where further lease granted, for period during which rents overlap)].

(4)This paragraph has effect subject to paragraph 8 (adjustment where rent payable ceases to be uncertain).

[F9(4A)For the purposes of this paragraph and paragraph 8, the cases where the amount of rent payable under a lease is uncertain or unascertained include cases where there is a possibility of that amount being varied under—

(a)section 12, 13 or 33 of the Agricultural Holdings Act 1986,

(b)Part 2 of the Agricultural Tenancies Act 1995,

(c)section 13, 14, 15 or 31 of the Agricultural Holdings (Scotland) Act 1991, or

(d)section 9, 10 or 11 of the Agricultural Holdings (Scotland) Act 2003.]

(5)No account shall be taken for the purposes of this Part of any provision for rent to be adjusted in line with the retail prices index.

First rent review in final quarter of fifth yearU.K.

7AU.K.Where—

(a)a lease contains provision under which the rent may be adjusted,

(b)under that provision the first (or only) such adjustment—

(i)is to an amount that (before the adjustment) is uncertain, and

(ii)has effect from a date (the “review date”) that is expressed as falling five years after a specified date,

and

(c)the specified date falls within the three months before the beginning of the term of the lease,

this Schedule has effect as if references to the first five years of the term of the lease were to the period beginning with the start of the term of the lease and ending with the review date. References to the fifth year of the term of the lease shall be read accordingly.

Adjustment where rent ceases to be uncertainU.K.

8(1)Where the provisions of section 51 (1) and (2) (contingent, uncertain or unascertained consideration) apply in relation to a transaction by virtue of paragraph 7 (uncertain rent) and—U.K.

(a)the end of the fifth year of the term of the lease is reached, or

(b)the amount of rent payable in respect of the first five years of the term of the lease ceases to be uncertain at an earlier date,

the following provisions have effect to require or permit reconsideration of how this Part applies to the transaction (and to any transaction in relation to which it is a linked transaction).

(2)For the purposes of this paragraph the amount of rent payable ceases to be uncertain when—

(a)in the case of contingent rent, the contingency occurs or it becomes clear that it will not occur, and

(b)in the case of uncertain or unascertained rent, the amount becomes ascertained.

(3)If the result as regards the rent paid or payable in respect of the first five years of the term of the lease is that a transaction becomes notifiable, or that additional tax is payable in respect of a transaction or that tax is payable where none was payable before—

(a)the purchaser must make a return to the Inland Revenue within 30 days of the date referred to in sub-paragraph (1)(a) or (b),

(b)the return must contain a self-assessment of the tax chargeable in respect of the transaction on the basis of the information contained in the return,

(c)the tax so chargeable is to be calculated by reference to the rates in force at the effective date of the transaction, and

[F10(d)the tax or additional tax payable must be paid not later than the filing date for the return.]

(4)The provisions of Schedule 10 (returns, enquiries, assessment and other matters) apply to a return under this paragraph as they apply to a return under section 76 (general requirement to make land transaction return), subject to the adaptation that references to the effective date of the transaction shall be read as references to the date referred to in sub-paragraph (1)(a) or (b).

(5)If the result as regards the rent paid or payable in respect of the first five years of the term of the lease is that less tax is payable in respect of the transaction than has already been paid—

(a)the purchaser may, within the period allowed for amendment of the land transaction return, amend the return accordingly;

(b)after the end of that period he may (if the land transaction return is not so amended) make a claim to the Inland Revenue for repayment of the amount overpaid.

Rent for overlap period in case of grant of further leaseU.K.

9(1)This paragraph applies where—U.K.

(a)A surrenders an existing lease to B (“the old lease”) and in consideration of that surrender B grants a lease to A of the same or substantially the same premises (“the new lease”),

(b)the tenant under a lease (“the old lease”) of premises to which Part 2 of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1954 or the Business Tenancies (Northern Ireland) Order 1996 applies makes a request for a new tenancy (“the new lease”) which is duly executed,

(c)on termination of a lease (“the head lease”) a sub-tenant is granted a lease (“the new lease”) of the same or substantially the same premises as those comprised in his original lease (“the old lease”)—

(i)in pursuance of an order of a court on a claim for relief against re-entry or forfeiture, or

(ii)in pursuance of a contractual entitlement arising in the event of the head lease being terminated,

or

(d)a person who has guaranteed the obligations of a lessee under a lease that has been terminated (“the old lease”) is granted a lease of the same or substantially the same premises (“the new lease”) in pursuance of the guarantee.

(2)For the purposes of this Part the rent payable under the new lease in respect of any period falling within the overlap period is treated as reduced by the amount of the rent that would have been payable in respect of that period under the old lease.

(3)The overlap period is the period between the date of grant of the new lease and what would have been the end of the term of the old lease had it not been terminated.

(4)The rent that would have been payable under the old lease shall be taken to be the amount taken into account in determining the stamp duty land tax chargeable in respect of the acquisition of the old lease.

(5)This paragraph does not have effect so as to require the rent payable under the new lease to be treated as a negative amount.

[F11Backdated lease granted to tenant holding overU.K.

9A(1)This paragraph applies where—U.K.

(a)the tenant under a lease continues in occupation after the date on which, under its terms, the lease terminates (“the contractual termination date”),

(b)he is granted a new lease of the same or substantially the same premises, and

(c)the term of the new lease is expressed to begin on or immediately after the contractual termination date.

(2)The term of the new lease is treated for the purposes of this Part as beginning on the date on which it is expressed to begin.

(3)The rent payable under the new lease in respect of any period falling—

(a)after the contractual termination date, and

(b)before the date on which the new lease is granted,

is treated for the purposes of this Part as reduced by the amount of taxable rent that is payable in respect of that period otherwise than under the new lease.

(4)For the purposes of sub-paragraph (3) rent is “taxable” if or to the extent that it is taken into account in determining liability to stamp duty land tax.

(5)Sub-paragraph (3) does not have effect so as to require the rent payable under the new lease to be treated as a negative amount.]

Tenants' obligations etc that do not count as chargeable considerationU.K.

10(1)In the case of the grant of a lease none of the following counts as chargeable consideration—U.K.

(a)any undertaking by the tenant to repair, maintain or insure the demised premises (in Scotland, the leased premises);

(b)any undertaking by the tenant to pay any amount in respect of services, repairs, maintenance or insurance or the landlord’s costs of management;

(c)any other obligation undertaken by the tenant that is not such as to affect the rent that a tenant would be prepared to pay in the open market;

(d)any guarantee of the payment of rent or the performance of any other obligation of the tenant under the lease;

(e)any penal rent, or increased rent in the nature of a penal rent, payable in respect of the breach of any obligation of the tenant under the lease.

[F12(f)any liability of the tenant for costs under section 14(2) of the Leasehold Reform Act 1967 or section 60 of the Leasehold Reform, Housing and Urban Development Act 1993 (costs to be borne by person exercising statutory right to be granted lease);

(g)any other obligation of the tenant to bear the landlord’s reasonable costs or expenses of or incidental to the grant of a lease;

(h)any obligation under the lease to transfer to the landlord, on the termination of the lease, payment entitlements granted to the tenant under the single payment scheme (that is, the scheme of income support for farmers in pursuance of Title III of Council Regulation (EC) No 1782/2003) in respect of land subject to the  lease.]

(2)Where sub-paragraph (1) applies in relation to an obligation, a payment made in discharge of the obligation does not count as chargeable consideration.

(3)The release of any such obligation as is mentioned in sub-paragraph (1) does not count as chargeable consideration in relation to the surrender of the lease.

Cases where assignment of lease treated as grant of leaseU.K.

11[F13(1)This paragraph applies where the grant of a lease is exempt from charge by virtue of any of the provisions specified in sub-paragraph (3).]U.K.

(2)The first assignment of the lease that is not exempt from charge by virtue of any of the provisions specified in sub-paragraph (3), and in relation to which the assignee does not acquire the lease as a bare trustee of the assignor, is treated for the purposes of this Part as if it were the grant of a lease by the assignor—

(a)for a term equal to the unexpired term of the lease referred to in sub-paragraph (1), and

(b)on the same terms as those on which the assignee holds that lease after the assignment.

(3)The provisions are—

(a)section 57A (sale and leaseback arrangements);

(b)Part 1 or 2 of Schedule 7 (group relief or reconstruction or acquisition relief);

(c)section 66 (transfers involving public bodies);

(d)Schedule 8 (charities relief);

(e)any such regulations as are mentioned in section 123(3) (regulations reproducing in relation to stamp duty land tax the effect of enactments providing for exemption from stamp duty).

(4)This paragraph does not apply where the relief in question is group relief, reconstruction or acquisition relief or charities relief and is withdrawn as a result of a disqualifying event occurring before the effective date of the assignment.

(5)For the purposes of sub-paragraph (4) “disqualifying event” means—

(a)in relation to the withdrawal of group relief, [F14the event falling within paragraph 3(1)(a) of Schedule 7 (purchaser ceasing to be a member of the same group as the vendor), as read with paragraph 4A of that Schedule];

(b)in relation to the withdrawal of reconstruction or acquisition relief, the change of control of the acquiring company mentioned in paragraph 9(1)(a) of that Schedule or, as the case may be, the event mentioned in paragraph 11(1)(a) or (2)(a) of that Schedule;

(c)in relation to the withdrawal of charities relief, a disqualifying event as defined in paragraphs 2(3) or 3(2) of Schedule 8.

Assignment of lease: responsibility of assignee for returns etcU.K.

12(1)Where a lease is assigned, anything that but for the assignment would be required or authorised to be done by or in relation to the assignor under or by virtue of—U.K.

(a)section 80 (adjustment where contingency ceases or consideration is ascertained),

(b)section 81A (return or further return in consequence of later linked transaction),

(c)paragraph 3 or 4 of this Schedule (return or further return required where lease for indefinite period continues), or

(d)paragraph 8 of this Schedule (adjustment where rent ceases to be uncertain),

shall, if the event giving rise to the adjustment or return occurs after the effective date of the assignment, be done instead by or in relation to the assignee.

(2)So far as necessary for giving effect to sub-paragraph (1) anything previously done by or in relation to the assignor shall be treated as if it had been done by or in relation to the assignee.

(3)This paragraph does not apply if the assignment falls to be treated as the grant of a lease by the assignor (see paragraph 11).

Agreement for leaseU.K.

12A(1)This paragraph applies where in England and Wales or Northern Ireland—U.K.

(a)an agreement for a lease is entered into, and

(b)the agreement is substantially performed without having been completed.

(2)The agreement is treated as if it were the grant of a lease in accordance with the agreement (“the notional lease”), beginning with the date of substantial performance.

The effective date of the transaction is that date.

(3)Where a lease is subsequently granted in pursuance of the agreement—

(a)the notional lease is treated as if it were surrendered at that time, and

(b)the lease itself is treated for the purposes of paragraph 9 (rent for overlap period in case of grant of further lease) as if it were granted in consideration of that surrender.

[F15Paragraph 5 does not apply so as to treat the notional lease and the lease itself as a single lease.]

(4)Where sub-paragraph (1) applies and the agreement is (to any extent) afterwards rescinded or annulled, or is for any other reason not carried into effect, the tax paid by virtue of that sub-paragraph shall (to that extent) be repaid by the Inland Revenue.

Repayment must be claimed by amendment of the land transaction return made in respect of the agreement.

(5)In this paragraph “substantially performed” and “completed” have the same meanings as in section 44 (contract and conveyance).

Assignment of agreement for leaseU.K.

12B(1)This paragraph applies, in place of section 45 (contract and conveyance: effect of transfer of rights), where in England and Wales or Northern Ireland a person assigns his interest as lessee under an agreement for a lease.U.K.

(2)If the assignment occurs without the agreement having been substantially performed, section 44 (contract and conveyance) has effect as if—

(a)the contract were with the assignee and not the assignor, and

(b)the consideration given by the assignee for entering into the contract included any consideration given by him for the assignment.

(3)If the assignment occurs after the agreement has been substantially performed—

(a)the assignment is a separate land transaction, and

(b)the effective date of that transaction is the date of the assignment.

(4)Where there are successive assignments, this paragraph has effect in relation to each of them.

Increase of rent treated as grant of new lease: variation of lease [F16in first five years]U.K.

13(1)Where a lease is varied so as to increase the amount of the rent [F17as from a date before the end of the fifth year of the term of the lease], the variation is treated for the purposes of this Part as if it were the grant of a lease in consideration of the additional rent made payable by it.U.K.

(2)Sub-paragraph (1) does not apply to an increase of rent [F18in pursuance of—

(a)a provision contained in the lease, or

(b)a provision mentioned in any of paragraphs (a) to (d) of paragraph 7(4A).]

Increase of rent treated as grant of new lease: abnormal increase after fifth yearU.K.

14(1)This paragraph applies if, after the end of the fifth year of the term of a lease—U.K.

(a)the amount of rent payable increases (or is increased) [F19, whether in accordance with the provisions of the lease or otherwise], and

(b)the rent payable as a result (“the new rent”) is such that the increase falls to be regarded as abnormal (see paragraph 15).

(2)The increase in rent is treated as if it were the grant of a lease in consideration of the excess rent.

(3)The excess rent is the difference between the new rent and the rent previously taxed.

[F20(4)Where the provisions of this paragraph have not previously applied to an increase in the rent payable under the lease, the rent previously taxed is—

(a)if paragraph (b) or (c) does not apply, the rent payable under the lease without the increase referred to in sub-paragraph (1);

(b)if the amount of rent payable under the lease is determined under paragraph 7 (variable or uncertain rent), the rent that is assumed to be payable after the fifth year of the term of the lease (in accordance with paragraph 7(3));

(c)if there has been a variation in the lease falling within paragraph 13 (increase of rent treated as grant of new lease: variation of lease in first five years), the rent payable as a result of the variation (or, if there has been more than one such variation, the most recent one).

(4A)Where the provisions of this paragraph have previously applied to an increase in the rent payable under the lease, the rent previously taxed is the rent payable as a result of the last increase in relation to which the provisions of this paragraph applied.

(4B)In determining the rent previously taxed, disregard paragraphs 9(2) and 9A(3) (deemed reduction of rent, where further lease granted, for period during which rents overlap).]

(5)The deemed grant is treated as—

(a)made on the date on which the increased rent first became payable, and

(b)for a term equal to the unexpired part of the original lease,

and as linked with the grant of the original lease (and with any other transaction with which that transaction is linked).

(6)The assumption in paragraph 7(3) (that the rent does not change after the end of the fifth year of the term of a lease) does not apply for the purposes of this paragraph or paragraph 15 except for the purpose of determining the rent previously taxed.

[F21(7)The reference to a lease in sub-paragraph (1) is to—

(a)a lease actually granted on or after the implementation date, or

(b)a lease that is treated as existing by reason of a deemed grant under paragraph 12A(2) or 19(3) of which the effective date is on or after the implementation date.]

Increase of rent after fifth year: whether regarded as abnormalU.K.

15U.K.Whether an increase in rent is to be regarded for the purposes of paragraph 14 as abnormal is determined as follows:—

[F22Step One

Find the start date. Where the provisions of paragraph 14 have not previously applied to an increase in the rent payable under the lease, the start date is—

(a)if paragraph (b) or (c) does not apply, the beginning of the term of the lease;

(b)if the amount of rent payable under the lease is determined under paragraph 7 (variable or uncertain rent), the beginning of the period by reference to which the rent assumed to be payable after the fifth year of the term of the lease is determined in accordance with paragraph 7(3);

(c)if there has been a variation in the lease falling within paragraph 13 (increase of rent treated as grant of new lease: variation of lease in first five years), the date of the variation (or, if there has been more than one such variation, the date of the most recent one).

Where the provisions of paragraph 14 have previously applied to an increase in the rent payable under the lease, the start date is the date of the last increase in relation to which the provisions of that paragraph applied.

Step Two

Find the number of whole years in the period between the start date and the date on which the new rent first becomes payable.

Step Three

The rent increase is regarded as abnormal if the excess rent (see paragraph 14(3)) is greater than:

[F23Reduction of rent or term or other variation of lease]U.K.

15A(1)Where a lease is varied so as to reduce the amount of the rent, the variation is treated for the purposes of this Part as an acquisition of a chargeable interest by the lessee.U.K.

[F24(1A)Where any consideration in money or money's worth (other than an increase in rent) is given by the lessee for any variation of a lease, other than a variation of the amount of the rent or of the term of the lease, the variation is treated for the purposes of this Part as an acquisition of a chargeable interest by the lessee.]

(2)Where a lease is varied so as to reduce the term, the variation is treated for the purposes of this Part as an acquisition of a chargeable interest by the lessor.

Surrender of existing lease in return for new leaseU.K.

16U.K.Where a lease is granted in consideration of the surrender of an existing lease between the same parties—

(a)the grant of the new lease does not count as chargeable consideration for the surrender, and

(b)the surrender does not count as chargeable consideration for the grant of the new lease.

Paragraph 5 (exchanges) of Schedule 4 (chargeable consideration) does not apply in such a case.

Assignment of lease: assumption of obligations by assigneeU.K.

17U.K.In the case of an assignment of a lease the assumption by the assignee of the obligation—

(a)to pay rent, or

(b)to perform or observe any other undertaking of the tenant under the lease,

does not count as chargeable consideration for the assignment.

Reverse premiumU.K.

18(1)In the case of the grant, assignment or surrender of a lease a reverse premium does not count as chargeable consideration.U.K.

(2)A “reverse premium” means—

(a)in relation to the grant of a lease, a premium moving from the landlord to the tenant;

(b)in relation to the assignment of a lease, a premium moving from the assignor to the assignee;

(c)in relation to the surrender of a lease, a premium moving from the tenant to the landlord.

[F25Loan or deposit in connection with grant or assignment of leaseU.K.

18A(1)Where, under arrangements made in connection with the grant of a lease—U.K.

(a)the lessee, or any person connected with him or acting on his behalf, pays a deposit, or makes a loan, to any person, and

(b)the repayment of all or part of the deposit or loan is contingent on anything done or omitted to be done by the lessee or on the death of the lessee,

the amount of the deposit or loan (disregarding any repayment) is to be taken for the purposes of this Part to be consideration other than rent given for the grant of the lease.

(2)Where, under arrangements made in connection with the assignment of a lease—

(a)the assignee, or any person connected with him or acting on his behalf, pays a deposit, or makes a loan, to any person, and

(b)the repayment of all or part of the deposit or loan is contingent on anything done or omitted to be done by the assignee or on the death of the assignee,

the amount of the deposit or loan (disregarding any repayment) is to be taken for the purposes of this Part to be consideration other than rent given for the assignment of the lease.

(3)Sub-paragraph (1) or (2) does not apply in relation to a deposit if the amount that would otherwise fall within the sub-paragraph in question in relation to the grant or (as the case requires) assignment of the lease is not more than twice the relevant maximum rent.

(4)The relevant maximum rent is—

(a)in relation to the grant of a lease, the highest amount of rent payable in respect of any consecutive twelve month period in the first five years of the term;

(b)in relation to the assignment of a lease, the highest amount of rent payable in respect of any consecutive twelve month period in the first five years of the term remaining outstanding as at the date of the assignment,

the highest amount of rent being determined (in either case) in the same way as the highest amount of rent mentioned in paragraph 7(3).

(5)Tax is not chargeable by virtue of this paragraph—

(a)merely because of paragraph [F269A] of Schedule 5 (which excludes the 0% band in [F27Table B] in section 55(2) in cases where [F28the relevant rent attributable to non-residential property is not less than £1,000] a year), or

(b)merely because of paragraph 5(4)(b), 6(6)(b), 9(4)(b) or 10(6)(b) of Schedule 6 (which make similar provision in relation to land which is wholly or partly residential property and is wholly or partly situated in a disadvantaged area).

(6)Section 839 of the Taxes Act 1988 (connected persons) has effect for the purposes of this paragraph.]

Provisions relating to leases in ScotlandU.K.

19(1)In the application of this Part to Scotland—U.K.

(a)any reference to the term of a lease is to the period of the lease, and

(b)any reference to the reversion on a lease is to the interest of the landlord in the property subject to the lease.

(2)Where in Scotland there is a lease constituted by concluded missives of let (“the first lease”) and at some later time a lease is executed (“the second lease”)—

(a)the first lease is treated as if it were surrendered at that time, and

(b)the second lease is treated for the purposes of paragraph 9 (rent for overlap period in case of grant of further lease) as if it were granted in consideration of that surrender.

[F29Paragraph 5 does not apply so as to treat the first lease and the second lease as a single lease.]

(3)Where in Scotland—

(a)there is an agreement (including missives of let not constituting a lease) under which a lease is to be executed, and

(b)the agreement is substantially performed without a lease having been executed,

the agreement is treated as if it were the grant of a lease in accordance with the agreement (“the notional lease”), beginning with the date of substantial performance.

The effective date of the transaction is when the agreement is substantially performed.

(4)Where sub-paragraph (3) applies and at some later time a lease is executed—

(a)the notional lease is treated as if it were surrendered at that time, and

(b)the lease itself is treated for the purposes of paragraph 9 as if it were granted in consideration of that surrender.

[F30Paragraph 5 does not apply so as to treat the notional lease and the lease itself as a single lease.]

(5)References in sub-paragraphs (2) to (4) to the execution of a lease are to the execution of a lease that either is in conformity with, or relates to substantially the same property and period as, the missives of let or other agreement.

(6)Where sub-paragraph (3) applies and the agreement is (to any extent) afterwards rescinded or annulled, or is for any other reason not carried into effect, the tax paid by virtue of that sub-paragraph shall (to that extent) be repaid by the Inland Revenue.

Repayment must be claimed by amendment of the land transaction return made in respect of the agreement.]