Public Health (Scotland) Act 1897
1897 c.38
An Act to consolidate and amend the Laws relating to the Public Health in Scotland.
Act repealed (1.4.2009 for the purpose of the repeals of ss. 68, 70, 71, 1.10.2009 except in so far as it relates to the repeals of ss. 32, 73(1), 161 and 164, 1.1.2010 for the purpose of the repeal of s. 32) by Public Health etc. (Scotland) Act 2008 (asp 5), s. 128(2), sch. 3 Pt. 1 (with s. 127); S.S.I. 2009/9, art. 2(b), sch. 2, S.S.I. 2009/319, art. 2(a), sch. 1 (with art. 3, sch. 2 para. 2), S.S.I. 2009/404, art. 2(3), sch. 3
[6th August 1897]
Act extended by Factories Act 1961 (c. 34), s. 182(9) and Health Services and Public Health Act 1968 (c. 46), s. 62; amended by Health Services and Public Health Act 1968 (c. 46), s. 73 and Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c. 65), s. 142
Act amended (S.) (27.8.1993) by 1993 c. 11, ss. 17(1), 68(2) (with s. 66(1), Sch. 3 para. 2)

Preliminary

1 Short title.
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2 Extent and commencement of Act.
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3 Definitions.
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4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 4, 7, 9, 10 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

Part I Authorities for Execution of Act

Central Authority

5 Local Government Board to be central authority.
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6 Powers of Board to inquire into sanitary conditions of district.
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7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 4, 7, 9, 10 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

8 Power to Board to appoint commissioners for conducting special inquiries.
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9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 4, 7, 9, 10 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 11 repealed by Reorganisation of Offices (Scotland) Act 1939 (c. 20), Sch.

Local Authorities

12 Local authorities for the purposes of the Act.
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13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 13, 14 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 15 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c. 65), Sch. 29

Part II Sanitary Provisions

General Nuisances

16 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 16 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I. 1996/186, art. 3

17 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 17 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 18 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

19 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 19 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 20 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

21 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 21 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 22 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

23 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 23 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 24 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

25 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 25 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

26 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 26 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

27 Articles removed to be sold.
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28 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 28 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c. 65), Sch. 29

29 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 29 repealed by Local Government and Planning (Scotland) Act 1982 (c. 43, SIF 81:2), s. 66(2), Sch. 4 Pt. I

30 Penalty for injuring closet, &c. so as to cause nuisance.
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31 Waterclosets, &c. used in common.
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Offensive Trades

32 Prohibition or regulation of certain offensive businesses, and byelaws as to offensive businesses.
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33 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 33 repealed by Slaughter of Animals (Scotland) Act 1980 (c. 13, SIF 112), s. 24(2), Sch. 3

34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 34 repealed by Slaughterhouses Act 1954 (c. 42), Sch. 2

35 Local authorities may make byelaws as to pigstyes.
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36 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 36 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 37 repealed (1.4.1996) by 1995 c. 25, s. 120(3), Sch. 24 (with ss. 7(6), 115, 117); S.I 1996/186, art. 3

Scavenging and Cleansing

38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 38 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

39 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 39 repealed by Roads (Scotland) Act 1984 (c. 54, SIF 108), s. 156(3), Sch. 11

40 Houses in filthy state to be purified.
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41 Provision for obtaining order for cleansing offensive ditches lying near to or forming boundaries of districts.
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42 Periodical removal of manure from mews and other premises.
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43 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 43 repealed by Food and Drugs (Scotland) Act 1956 (c. 30), Sch. 3
Part II amended by Mines and Quarries Act 1954 (c. 70), s. 151(2)(3)(5), and Clean Air Act 1956 (c. 52), s. 16

Part III General Prevention and Mitigation of Disease

Infectious Diseases.—Notification

44 Notification of infectious disease.
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Infectious Diseases—Prevention

45 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 45 repealed by Health Services and Public Health Act 1968 (c. 46), Sch. 4

46 Provision of means for disinfecting bedding, &c.
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47 Cleansing and disinfecting of premises, &c.
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48 Disinfection of bedding. &c.
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49 Persons engaged in washing or mangling clothes to furnish list of owners of clothes in certain cases.
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50 Infectious matter thrown into ash-pits, &c. to be disinfected.
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51 Penalty on letting houses in which infected persons have been lodging.
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52 Penalty on persons letting houses making false statements as to infectious disease.
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53 Penalty on ceasing to occupy house without disinfection or notice to owner, or on making false answer.
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54 Removal to hospital of infected persons without proper lodging.
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55 Detention of infected persons without proper lodging in hospital.
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56 Penalty on exposure of infected persons and things.
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57 Penalty on sending child to school, so as to spread infection.
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58 Prohibitions on infected person carrying on business
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59 Prohibition on conveyance, &c. of infected person in public conveyance.
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60 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 60, 61 repealed by Milk and Dairies (Scotland) Act 1914 (c. 46), s. 31, Sch.

62 Prohibition of retention of dead body in certain cases.
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63 Body of person dying of infectious disease in hospital, &c. to be removed only for burial.
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64 Disinfection of public conveyances if used for carrying corpses.
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65 Byelaws as to public conveyances.
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Hospitals and Ambulances

66 Power of local authority to provide hospitals.
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67 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 67, 77 repealed by National Health Service (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 27), Sch. 11 Pt. II

Mortuaries, &c.

68 Power of local authority to provide mortuaries.
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69 Power of sheriff, &c. in certain cases to order removal of dead body to mortuary.
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70 Power of local authority to provide places for post-mortem examinations.
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71 Power to sanitary authorities to unite for providing mortuary.
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Byelaws as to Houses let in Lodgings

72 Power of local authority to make byelaws as to lodging-houses.
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Tents and Vans

73 Tents and vans used for human habitation.
(1) A tent, van, shed, or similar structure, used for human habitation, which is in such a state as to be a nuisance or injurious or dangerous to health, or is so overcrowded as to be injurious or dangerous to the health of the inmates, shall be a nuisance liable to be dealt with summarily under this Act.
(2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 73 extended by S.I. 1965/1536, Sch. 3

Underground Dwellings

74 Rules as to underground dwellings.
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75 Penalty on letting underground dwellings.
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76 Cases in which two convictions have occurred within three months.
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77 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 67, 77 repealed by National Health Service (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 27), Sch. 11 Pt. II
Part IV

78 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 78–88 repealed with saving by Public Health (Scotland) Act 1945 (9 & 10 Geo. 6 c. 15), s. 2

Part V Regulation of Common Lodging-Houses

89 Common lodging-houses to be registered.
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90 No lodger to be received in common lodging-house till it has been inspected and registered.
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91 Evidence of register.
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Reference to “twopence” to be read as reference to equivalent amount in new currency: Decimal Currency Act 1969 (c. 19), s. 10(1)

92 Power to local authority to make byelaws.
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93 Copy of bye-laws, to be furnished gratis to keepers.
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94 Power to local authority to require additional supply of water.
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95 Power to local authority to order reports from keepers.
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96 Local authority may remove sick persons to hospitals, &c.
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97 As to giving notice of fever, &c. occurring.
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98 Inspection.
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99 Cleansing.
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100 Conviction for third offence, &c. to disqualify persons from keeping common lodging-houses.
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Part VI Sewers, Drains, and Water Supply

Sewers and Drains

101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 101–112 repealed by Sewerage (Scotland) Act 1968 (c. 47), Sch. 2

113 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 113 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

114 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 114, 115, 117 repealed by Sewerage (Scotland) Act 1968 (c. 47), Sch. 2

116 Distilleries, &c. to deposit refuse.
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S. 116 amended by Radioactive Substances Act 1960 (c. 34), s. 9, Sch. 1 Pt. II para. 13
S. 116 amended (27.8.1993) by 1993 c. 12, ss. 40, 51(2), Sch. 3 Pt. II para.11 (with ss. 42, 46).

117 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 114, 115, 117 repealed by Sewerage (Scotland) Act 1968 (c. 47), Sch. 2

118 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 118 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c. 65), Sch. 29

119 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 119, 120 repealed by Sewerage (Scotland) Act 1968 (c. 47), Sch. 2

121 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 121 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c. 65), Sch. 29

122 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 122 repealed by Sewerage (Scotland) Act 1968 (c. 47), Sch. 2

123 Works of distribution of sewage to be deemed a land improvement.
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124 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 124–130 repealed by Water (Scotland) Act 1946 (c. 42), Sch. 5

131 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 131 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

132 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 132 repealed by Water (Scotland) Act 1946 (c. 42), Sch. 5

Part VII Rating and Borrowing Powers

133 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 133, 134 repealed by Burgh Sewerage, Drainage and Water Supply (Scotland) Act 1901 (c. 24), Sch. and Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

135 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 135, 136 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

137 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 137 repealed by Water (Scotland) Act 1946 (c. 42), Sch. 5

138 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 138 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 138, Sch. 14

Borrowing Powers

139 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 139 repealed by Sewerage (Scotland) Act 1968 (c. 47), Sch. 2

140 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 140 repealed by Water (Scotland) Act 1946 (c. 42), Sch. 5

141 Power of borrowing for hospitals, &c.
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142 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 142, 143 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

Part VIII Acquisition of Lands

144 Power to acquire lands.
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145 Regulations as to compulsory purchase of land, &c.
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Part IX Legal Proceedings

Enforcement of and Procedure under Act

146 Procedure if local authority neglect its duty under Act. Procedure under 18 & 19 Vict. c. 68.
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147 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 147, 152, 159, 160, 167 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

148 Procurator fiscal may sue by directions of Board.
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149 Procedure where nuisance beyond district.
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150 Local authority may require payment of costs, &c from owner or occupier, and occupier paying to deduct from rent.
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151 Penalty for wilful damage of works.
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152 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 147, 152, 159, 160, 167 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

153 Recovery of penalties.
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154 Form of applications to the sheriff, &c.
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155 No written pleadings &c. allowed.
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156 Appeal in certain cases.
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156A Appeal to sheriff or sheriff principal in certain cases: sections 54, 55 and 96
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156B Further appeal to sheriff principal: section 96 decision
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156C Further appeal to Court of Session: sections 54, 55 and 96
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156D Effect of appeal in relation to section 54 order, section 55 direction or section 96 decision
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157 No appeal otherwise.
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158 Justices, &c. being members of local authority may act.
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159 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 147, 152, 159, 160, 167 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

161 One or more joint owners may be proceeded against alone.
In case of any demand or complaint under this Act to which two or more parties, whether as owners or occupiers of premises, may be jointly answerable, it shall be sufficient to proceed against any one or more of them without proceeding against the others or other of them, and any one or more of such persons may be proceeded against, notwithstanding that the acts or defaults of any one or more of them would not separately be an offence against this Act; but nothing herein contained shall prevent the parties so proceeded against from recovering relief in any case in which they would now be entitled to relief by law. Proceedings against several persons included in one demand or complaint shall not lapse by reason of the death of any one or more of such persons, but all such proceedings may be carried on as if the deceased persons had not been originally so included. Whenever in any proceeding under the provisions of this Act relating to nuisances it becomes necessary to mention or refer to the owner or occupier of any premises, it shall be sufficient to designate him as the owner or occupier of such premises without name or further description.
S. 161 applied (27.8.1993) by 1993 c. 11, ss. 62(2)(a)(i), 68(2).

162 Penalty on occupier obstructing owner.
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163 Penalty for violating Act or obstructing its execution.
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164 Compensation to be made.
Full compensation shall be made, out of any fund or assessment applicable to the purposes of this Act, to all persons sustaining any damage by reason of the exercise of any of the powers of this Act, except when otherwise specially provided; and in case of dispute, if the sum claimed do not exceed the sum of fifty pounds sterling, the same may be ascertained on a summary application by either party to the sheriff or sheriff principal, whose decision shall be final and not subject to review, unless when pronounced by the sheriff, in which case it may be reviewed by the sheriff principal on appeal; and when the sum claimed exceeds fifty pounds sterling, such compensation shall be ascertained and disposed of by a sole arbiter appointed in manner set forth in sub-section eleven of section one hundred and forty-five of this Act.
S. 164 applied (27.8.1993) by 1993 c. 11, ss. 62(2)(a)(i), 68(2).
Words substituted by virtue of Sheriff Courts (Scotland) Act 1971 (c. 58), s. 4

165 Convictions not void for want of form.
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166 Local authority or Board not liable for irregularity of their officers.
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167 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 147, 152, 159, 160, 167 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

168 Exemption from stamp duties.
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169 Police constables to aid in executing Act.
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170 Act not to impair right of action, &c.
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171 Powers of Act cumulative.
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Part X Port Sanitary Authority

172 Constitution of port local authorities.
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173 Jurisdiction of port local authority.
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174 Delegation of powers by port local authority.
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175 Expenses of port local authority.
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176 Proceedings for raising a sum for payment of debt within district of a defaulting authority.
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Part XI Miscellaneous

Provisions as to Ships

177 Provision as to ships within the jurisdiction of local authority.
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178 Provision as to district of local authority extending to places where ships are lying.
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179 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 179, 180 repealed by National Health Service (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 27), Sch. 11 Pt. II

181 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 181, 182 repealed by Building (Scotland) Act 1959 (c. 24), Sch. 10

183 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 183–188 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14

Part XII Saving Clauses and Repeals

Saving Clauses

189 Act not to affect navigation of rivers or canals, or irrigation of lands.
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190 Saving of certain Acts.
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191 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ss. 191, 192 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973 (c. 65), Sch. 29

193 Reference to Public Health Acts.
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194 Exemption of Government property from building regulations.
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195 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S. 195 repealed by Aberdeen Corporation (Administration Finance &c.) Order Confirmation Act 1940 (c. iii), s. 244, Sch. 20

Repeal of Acts

196 Repeal of Acts.
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FIRST SCHEDULE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sch. 1 repealed by Statute Law Revision Act 1908 (c. 49)
SECOND SCHEDULE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sch. 2 repealed by Local Government (Scotland) Act 1947 (c. 43), s. 381, Sch. 14