PART 4SUPPLEMENTARY POWERS

Discharge of water

18.—(1) Subject to paragraphs (3) and (4), the undertaker may use any watercourse or any public sewer or drain for the drainage of water in connection with the construction or maintenance of the authorised development and for that purpose may lay down, take up and alter pipes and may, on any land within the Order limits, make openings into, and connections with, the watercourse, public sewer or drain.

(2) Any dispute arising from the making of connections to or the use of a public sewer or drain by the undertaker pursuant to paragraph (1) is to be determined as if it were a dispute under section 106 (right to communicate with public sewers) of the Water Industry Act 1991(1).

(3) The undertaker must not discharge any water into any watercourse, public sewer or drain except with the consent of the person to whom it belongs, whose consent may be given subject to such terms and conditions as that person may reasonably impose, but must not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

(4) The undertaker must not make any opening into any public sewer or drain except—

(a)in accordance with plans approved by the person to whom the sewer or drain belongs, whose approval must not be unreasonably withheld; and

(b)where that person has been given the opportunity to supervise the making of the opening.

(5) The undertaker must take such steps as are reasonably practicable to secure that any water discharged into a watercourse or public sewer or drain pursuant to this article is as free as may be practicable from gravel, soil or other solid substance, oil or matter in suspension.

(6) Nothing in this article overrides the requirement for an environmental permit under regulation 12(1)(b) of the Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2016(2).

(7) In this article—

(a)“public sewer or drain” means a sewer or drain which belongs to Homes England, the Environment Agency, a harbour authority within the meaning of section 57 (interpretation) of the Harbours Act 1964(3), an internal drainage board, a joint planning board, a local authority, a National Park Authority, a sewerage undertaker or an urban development corporation; and

(b)other expressions, excluding watercourse, used both in this article and in the Water Resources Act 1991(4) have the same meaning as in that Act.

Authority to survey and investigate the land

19.—(1) The undertaker may for the purposes of this Order enter on any land shown within the Order limits or enter on any land which may be affected by the authorised development and—

(a)survey or investigate the land;

(b)without limitation to the generality of sub-paragraph (a), make trial holes or bore holes in such positions on the land as the undertaker thinks fit to investigate the nature of the surface layer, subsoil and groundwater and remove soil and groundwater samples;

(c)without limitation to the generality of sub-paragraph (a), carry out ecological or archaeological investigations on such land, including the digging of trenches; and

(d)place on, leave on and remove from the land apparatus for use in connection with the survey and investigation of land and making of trial holes, bore holes or trenches.

(2) No land may be entered or equipment placed or left on or removed from the land under paragraph (1) unless at least 14 days’ notice has been served on every owner and occupier of the land.

(3) Any person entering land under this article on behalf of the undertaker—

(a)must, if so required before entering the land, produce written evidence of their authority to do so; and

(b)may take onto the land such vehicles and equipment as are necessary to carry out the survey or investigation or to make the trial holes, bore holes or trenches.

(4) No trial holes, bore holes or trenches are to be made under this article—

(a)in land located within the highway boundary without the consent of the highway authority; or

(b)in a private street without the consent of the street authority,

but such consent must not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

(5) The undertaker must remove all temporary works and restore the land to the reasonable satisfaction of the owners of the land once it has ceased to use the land for the purposes authorised by this article.

(6) The undertaker must compensate the owners and occupiers of the land for any loss or damage arising by reason of the exercise of the authority conferred by this article, such compensation to be determined, in case of dispute, under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act.

(7) Section 13 (refusal to give possession to acquiring authority) of the 1965 Act applies to the entry onto, or possession of, land under this article to the same extent as it applies to the compulsory acquisition of land under this Order by virtue of section 125 (application of compulsory acquisition provisions) of the 2008 Act.

Protective works to buildings

20.—(1) Subject to the following provisions of this article, the undertaker may at its own expense carry out such protective works to any building lying within the Order land as the undertaker considers necessary or expedient.

(2) Protective works may be carried out—

(a)at any time before or during the construction of any part of the authorised development in the vicinity of the building; or

(b)after the completion of that part of the authorised development in the vicinity of the building at any time up to the end of the period of five years beginning with the day on which that part of the authorised development is first opened for use.

(3) For the purpose of determining how the powers under this article are to be exercised, the undertaker may enter and survey any building falling within paragraph (1) and any land within its curtilage.

(4) For the purpose of carrying out protective works under this article to a building the undertaker may (subject to paragraphs (5) and (6))—

(a)enter the building and any land within its curtilage; and

(b)where the works cannot be carried out reasonably conveniently without entering land which is adjacent to the building but outside its curtilage, enter the adjacent land (but not any building erected on it) within the Order land.

(5) Before exercising—

(a)a power under paragraph (1) to carry out protective works under this article to a building;

(b)a power under paragraph (3) to enter a building and land within its curtilage;

(c)a power under paragraph (4)(a) to enter a building and land within its curtilage; or

(d)a power under paragraph (4)(b) to enter land,

the undertaker must, except in the case of emergency, serve on the owners and occupiers of the building or land not less than 14 days’ notice of its intention to exercise that power and, in a case falling within sub-paragraph (a) or (c), specifying the protective works proposed to be carried out.

(6) Where a notice is served under paragraph (5), the owner or occupier of the buildingor land concerned may, by serving a counter-notice within the period of ten days beginning with the day on which the notice was served, require the question of whether it is necessary or expedient to carry out the protective works or to enter the building or land to be referred to arbitration under article 46 (arbitration).

(7) The undertaker must compensate the owners and occupiers of any building or land in relation to which powers under this article have been exercised for any loss or damage arising to them by reason of the exercise of those powers.

(8) Where—

(a)protective works are carried out to a building under this article; and

(b)within five years, beginning with the date of completion of commissioning for that part of the authorised development in the vicinity of the building, it appears that the protective works are inadequate to protect the building against damage caused by the construction, operation or maintenance of that part of the authorised development,

the undertaker must compensate the owners and occupiers of the building for any loss or damage sustained by them.

(9) Nothing in this article relieves the undertaker from any liability to pay compensation under section 152 (compensation in case where no right to claim in nuisance) of the 2008 Act.

(10) Any compensation payable under paragraph (7) or (8) must be determined, in case of dispute, under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act.

(11) Section 13 (refusal to give possession to acquiring authority) of the 1965 Act applies to the entry onto, or possession of, land under this article to the same extent as it applies to the compulsory acquisition of land under this Order by virtue of section 125 (application of compulsory acquisition provisions) of the 2008 Act.

(12) In this article “protective works” in relation to a building means—

(a)underpinning, strengthening and any other works the purpose of which is to prevent damage which may be caused to the building or structure by the construction, operation or maintenance of the authorised development; and

(b)any works the purpose of which is to remedy any damage which has been caused to the building by the construction, operation or maintenance of the authorised development.

Felling or lopping of trees

21.—(1) Subject to paragraph (2), the undertaker may fell or lop any tree or shrub within or overhanging the Order land, or cut back its roots, if it reasonably believes it to be necessary to do so to prevent the tree or shrub—

(a)from obstructing or interfering with the construction, maintenance or operation of the authorised development or any apparatus used in connection with the authorised development;

(b)from constituting a danger to persons using the authorised development; or

(c)from obstructing or interfering with the passage of construction vehicles to the extent necessary for the purposes of construction of the authorised development.

(2) In carrying out any activity authorised by paragraph (1) the undertaker must do no unnecessary damage to any tree or shrub and must pay compensation to any person for any loss or damage arising from such activity.

(3) Any dispute as to a person’s entitlement to compensation under paragraph (2), or as to the amount of compensation, is to be determined under Part 1 (determination of questions of disputed compensation) of the 1961 Act.

Removal of human remains

22.—(1) Before the undertaker carries out any development or works which will or may disturb any human remains within the Order limits it must remove those human remains from the Order limits, or cause them to be removed, in accordance with the following provisions of this article.

(2) Before any such remains are removed from the Order limits the undertaker must give notice of the intended removal, describing the Order limits and stating the general effect of the following provisions of this article, by—

(a)publishing a notice once in each of two successive weeks in a newspaper circulating in the area of the authorised development; and

(b)displaying a notice in a conspicuous place within or near the Order limits.

(3) As soon as reasonably practicable after the first publication of a notice under paragraph (2) the undertaker must send a copy of the notice to the relevant burial authority for the land from which the relevant human remains are to be removed.

(4) At any time within 56 days after the first publication of a notice under paragraph (2) any person who is a personal representative or relative of any deceased person whose remains are interred within the Order limits may give notice in writing to the undertaker of that person’s intention to undertake removal of the remains.

(5) Where a person has given notice under paragraph (4), and the remains in question can be identified, that person may cause such remains to be—

(a)removed and re-interred in any burial ground or cemetery in which burials may legally take place; or

(b)removed to, and cremated in, any crematorium,

and that person must, as soon as reasonably practicable after such re-interment or cremation, provide to the undertaker a certificate for the purpose of enabling compliance with paragraph (10).

(6) If the undertaker is not satisfied that any person giving notice under paragraph (4) is the personal representative or relative as that person claims to be, or that the remains in question can be identified, the question must be determined on the application of either party in a summary manner by the county court, and the court may make an order specifying who must remove the remains and as to the payment of the costs of the application.

(7) The undertaker must pay the reasonable expenses of removing and re-interring or cremating the remains of any deceased person under this article.

(8) If—

(a)within the period of 56 days referred to in paragraph (4) no notice under that paragraph has been given to the undertaker in respect of any remains within the Order limits; or

(b)such notice is given and no application is made under paragraph (6) within 56 days after the giving of notice but the person who gave the notice fails to remove the remains within a further period of 56 days; or

(c)within 56 days after any order is made by the county court under paragraph (6) any person, other than the undertaker, specified in the order fails to remove the remains; or

(d)it is determined that the remains to which any such notice relates cannot be identified,

subject to paragraph (9) the undertaker must remove the remains and cause them to be re-interred in such burial ground or cemetery in which burials may legally take place as the undertaker thinks suitable for the purpose; and, so far as possible, remains from individual graves are to be re-interred in individual containers which must be identifiable by a record prepared with reference to the original position of burial of the remains that they contain.

(9) If the undertaker is satisfied that any person giving notice under paragraph (4) is the personal representative or relative as that person claims to be and that the remains in question can be identified, but that person does not remove the remains, the undertaker must comply with any reasonable request that the person may make in relation to the removal and re-interment or cremation of the remains.

(10) On the re-interment or cremation of any remains under this article—

(a)a certificate of re-interment or cremation must be sent by the undertaker to the Registrar General giving the date of re-interment or cremation and identifying the place from which the remains were removed and the place in which they were re-interred or cremated; and

(b)a copy of the certificate of re-interment or cremation and the record mentioned in paragraph (8) must be sent by the undertaker to the local authority mentioned in paragraph (3).

(11) In this article references to a relative of the deceased are to a person who—

(a)is a husband, wife, civil partner, parent, grandparent, child or grandchild of the deceased;

(b)is, or is a child of, a brother, sister, uncle or aunt of the deceased;

(c)is the lawful executor of the estate of the deceased; or

(d)is the lawful administrator of the estate of the deceased.

(12) The removal of the remains of any deceased person under this article must be carried out in accordance with any directions which may be given by the Secretary of State.

(13) Any jurisdiction or function conferred on the county court by this article may be exercised by the district judge of the court.

(14) Section 25 of the Burial Act 1857(5) (bodies not to be removed from burial grounds, save under faculty, without licence of Secretary of State) is not to apply to a removal carried out in accordance with this article.

(15) The Town and Country Planning (Churches, Places of Religious Worship and Burial Ground) Regulations 1950(6) do not apply to the authorised development.